The tensile strength (σ) of steel wire is the maximum load per unit area (MPa or N/mm²), while the breaking strength (F) is the total force at fracture (N or kN).
1. As to single strand wire, their relationship is defined as:
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Breaking Strength (F) = Tensile Strength (σ) × Cross-Sectional Area (A)
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Cross-Sectional Area (A) = π × (Diameter *d*)² / 4
Example: For a wire with diameter *d* = 1 mm and tensile strength σ = 1770 MPa:
F=1770×π×124≈1390 N
2. As to Wire rope, mutil-strand wire, their relationship is defined as:
- Breaking Strength (F) = K x Tensile Strength (σ) × Cross-Sectional Area (A)
- (: total wires, : wire diameter)
- K = Construction coefficient (Defined by rope construction, typically 0.75–0.95, accounting for strength loss due to stranding.)
Tensile strength defines a material’s “quality,” while break strength determines a component’s “capacity.” Successful transformation requires optimizing both through material innovation, geometric scaling, and stress-management techniques. When substituting wires, always validate break strength under expected service conditions (e.g., dynamic loads, corrosion) to avoid over-reliance on tensile strength alone.
